Turbine.



No. 869,896. PATENTED NGV. 5, 1907. R. H. GOLDSBOROUGH.

TURBINB.

APPLIUATION FILED MAB.11.1907.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l. 65 2" J la y fam/(.7 A anomu PATENTED OV. 5, 1907.

R. H. GOLDSBOROUGH. TURBINE.

m n -hl u R. H. GOLDSBOROUGH.

TURBINE.

APPLIoATIoN Hmm MAB.11.190'1.

PATBNTED NOV. 5, 1907.

5 SHEETS-I-SHBBT 3.

` PATENTBD NOV, 5, 1907.

R. H. GOLDSBOROUGH.

TURBINE.

APPLzoATIoN FILED MAB. 1x. 1907.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Straws,

nu mais xrxn Q0.. wAsnlNcrou, D. c.

RICHARD H. GOLDSBOROUGH, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

TURB INE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 5, 1907.

Application sied March 11. 1907. serial No. 361,738.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD H. GoLnsBonoUGH, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Washington, District oi Columbia, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Turbines, of which the followingis a speciieation.

My invention relates to improvements in turbines and it 'consists in theconstructions, combinations and arrangements herein described andclaimed.

An object of my invention is to provide a compact form of compoundturbine adapted to efficiently utilize a high degree of expansion in theactuating medium.

A further object of myinvention is to provide a compound turbine, inwhich heat can be imparted in an ecient manner to the actuating mediumduring its flow through the successive stages, for augmenting the powerof the turbine to accommodate great and sudden increases in its load.

A further object of my invention is to provide a compound type ofturbine, constructed to operate with a substantially constant efficiencythrough large variations in the relation of the rotor speed to thevelocity of the actuating medium.

. A further obj ect of my invention is to provide a cornpound type ofturbines Wh ich can be started under load v from a position of rest,without the necessity of extraneous turning of the rotor, and which willoperate eiiiciently at constant rotor speed under throttle control ofthe actuating medium.

A further object of my invention is to provide an iinproved form ofcompound turbine, in which clearance leakage will be minimized, and anytendency to such leakage will be automatically checked.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this application, and inwhich similar reference symbols indicate corresponding parts in theseveral views: Figure 1 is a vertical axial sectional view, on the linel-l, of Fig. 2, illustrating one embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is asectional view on the line 2 2, of Fig. l, clearly showing thearrangement of the admission ports and the superheating means; Fig. 3 isa sectional view on the line 3 3, of Fig. l, showing the arrangement ofthe exhaust ports. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of the portring, with the two sections of said ring properly assembled; Fig. 5 is aperspective view of one section of the port ring, clearly showing theexhaust ports therein; Fig. G is a detail sectional view on the line 66, of Fig. 2 Fig. 7 is a development of the outer periphery of the portring; and Fig. 8 is a similar development of the inner periphery of theport ring.

Referring to the drawings, l indicates a turbine shaft suitablyjournaled in the casing heads 2, which latter are secured by bolts 3 tointernal annular flanges 4 on a cylindrical member 5 of the turbinecasing. A central partition 6 is secured tothe member 5 by bolts 7, toprovide two independent steam chests 8 between said partition and theannular flanges 4 of said member; said partition preferably extendingaround the member 5 to the point of final exhaust from the turbinecasing, as' shown especially in Fig. 3. A cylindrical division plate 9,closely fitting the inner peripheries of the annular fianges 4 andpartition 6, is provided with apertures 10 for establishingcommunication between the steam chests 8 and the initial admission portsof the turbine, an opening 11 being provided in said cylindricaldivision plate for permitting escape of the final exhaust from theturbine casing. Two similar port ring sections 12 A are provided ontheir adjacent faces with series of coperating'recesses, constitutingexhaust ports, and on their outer sides with series of recessesconstituting admission ports. A series of recesses 15 to 21, extendingacross the outer peripheries of the port ring sections, constitutechambers which connect the outer ends of the exhaust ports and admissionports together in groups.

The admission ports are arranged in series of successive groups 23 to30, and the exhaust ports are arranged in a corresponding series ofsuccessive groups 31 to 38. lThe ports of said successive groups areshown having a uniform axial dimension, and a progressively increasedperipheral dimension for accommodatingthe expansion of the actuatingmedium during its flow therethrough. Since the exhaust ports are commonto the two lateral series of admission ports, they are given a suicientaxial dimension to accommodate the exact form of both of said admissionsets. The inner ends of both the series of admission ports and exhaustports are arranged to extend continuously about a portion of theperiphery of the rotor; the exhaust port series extending from the rearWall of the admission port 23 to a point 39 at a considerable angularadvance to the forward wall of the final admission port 30. Thisrelative position of the continuous series of admission and exhaustports, together with the connection and grouping of the ports, providesan improved construction, capable of operating with a substantiallyconstant efficiency through large variations in the relation of the'rotor speed to the velocity of the actuating medium, and in which therotor can be started under load from a position of rest. This provides avery satisfactory construction, which will operate at high efliciencyunder throttle-control of the actuating medium, thereby eliminating thedefects and mechanical difliculties encountered in the use of internalvalves.

A closure ring -22 is positioned at the admission-port side of each portring section, for closing the open sides of the recesses constitutingthe admission ports. The port ring sections and closure rings closelyengage the inner periphery ot the cylindrical division plate 9, and aresecurely clamped together by the heads 2 oi the turbine casing; suitablepacking means, such as copper gaskets, may be employed l'or insuring asteam joint between the several parts.

As shown especially in Fig. 2, each steam chrst 8 is divided intovaseries ol connnunicating ehanibers by a series of partitions 40, 41, 42,43, 44, 45, (5 and 47; said partitions being provided with apertures 48.A valve 49, controlling the aperture in the first paitition 40, is shownthreaded in the casing and provided with a hand wheel 50 for actuatingsaid valve to open and close the aperture for admitting or cutting ot't`the supply of steam from the initial steam chambers through thecommunicating series ol chambers.

The communicating chambers are preferably formed of progressivelyincreased volume and arranged to subtend the several groups ot'admission ports. This provides a simple and very ellicient means forsuperheating the actuating steam of the turbine during its flow throughthe successive groups ol admission ports; the pressure and temperature othe superheating steam being gradually reduced during its flow throughthe successive chambers ot' the communicating series, thus insuring anapproximately uniform relation between the temperatures oi thesuperheating steam and moto1'ac tuating steam at all of the severalstages of the turbine.

The rotor vanes are shown ol' substantially W-shaped form, to providetwo inlet legs 51 and a common central exhaust leg 52, which latter isconnected to the inlet legs by curved portions 53 of somewhat greaterwidth than that of said legs.

The annular series of turbine vanes is clamped -between inner annular'members 54, 55 and 56 seated on the periphery of a drum member 59, andouter annular members 57 and 58; the member 55 being formed in segmentsfor convenience in assembling the parts. The inner annularmembers aresecurely clamped together between the rotor disks 6() by means of aseries ot' bolts 61a, which constitute a common means for securelylocking together said annular members, drum and rotor disks.

Packing members 61 are secured to any suitable part ofthe stator, as tothe rings 22, and provided with faces leaking through the peripheralclearance of the rotor will be entrapped in the annular chambers 63, and

thel'eby engender a pressure in said chambers tending to oppose furtherleakage.

In the operation of my invention, the steam,` or other actuating medium,is conducted by the main supply pipes 65 to the initial steam'chests,from which it is directed by the initial admission ports 23 at anetlicient angle against the legs 51 of the rotor vanos. The steam thusdirected through the legs 5l is' deflected by the curved portions 53 ofthe vanes, which latter are shaped to direct the steam in an eilicientdirection against the common exhaust legs 52 of the vanes. The increasedwidth and shape of the curved vane portions 1 i l i i i 53 produces aslight regeneration of pressure in the steam flowing therethroughthereby increasing the et'i'ective action of the steam on the admissionand exhaust legs and minimizing the friction of the steam during itsdeflection. The steam is discharged from the outer edges of the exhaustlegs 52 into the recess I5, which extends across the outer peripheriesof the port rings and conducts the steam laterally in both directions tothe next two sets of admission ports 24. The steam is directed by theadmission ports 24 through the admission legs 51 of the vanes, fromwhich it is dischargedirom the outer edges of the exhaust legs 52 of thevanes into the second peripheral recess 16 in the port rings. The recess16 is formed to divide the steam and conduct it to the next two sets ofadmission ports 25; and the above steps are repeated until the steam isdischarged through the final set 38 of exhaust ports, from which it isconducted by a conduit (i6 to the atmosphere, or to a condenser.

As shown especially in Figs. 1 and 3, a delector 67 is secured to thecylindrical division plate 9 in position to extend within each of therecesses in the peripheries of the port rings for splitting the streamof steam discharged therein and deflecting such steam with a minimum offrictional and eddy-current losses.

I have illustrated and described a preferred and satisfactoryconstruction, but, obviously, changes could be made Within the spiritand scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein anddesire to secure byLtters Patent is:

1. In a compound turbine, the combination of a rotor, an annular seriesof rotor vanes provided with admission and exhaust edges extending tothe periphery of said rotor, a continuous zone of admission portsextending along said admission edges, and a continuous zone of exhaustports extending along said exhaust edges throughout the angle subtendedby said zone of admission ports and extending beyond the final admissionports of said zone, substantially as described.

2. In a compound turbine. the combination of a rotor, an annular seriesof rotor vanes provided with admission and exhaust edges extending tothe periphery of said rotor, a continuous zone of admission portsextending along said admission edges. and a continuous zone of exhaustports extendingr along said exhaust edges, said zone of exhaust portsextending from the angular position of the initial admission port to apoint beyond the final port of said zone of admission ports,substantially as described.

It. In a compound turbine` the combination of a rotor, an annular seriesof rotor Yanes provided with two lateral admission portions and a commoncentral exhaust portion, menus for initially directing an-actuatingmedium through said two admission portions of the vanes, and means forrepeatedly directing;r the discharge of such medium from the centralexhaust portion again to the two lateral admission portions of thevanes. substantially as described.

Jr. In u compound turbine, the combination of a rotor, an annular'series ot' rotor vanes provided with two lateral admission portions, anda common central exhaust portion, means for initially directing anactuating medium through said two admission portions of the vanes, andmeans for dividingr the discharge of such medium from the exhaustportion of the vanes and directing it again to the two lateral admissionportions thereof, substantially as described.

5, In a compound turbine, the combination of a rotor, an

, annular series of rotor vanes provided with two lateral admissionportions and a common central exhaust portion,

means for initially directing an actuating medium through said twoadmission portions of the vanes, means for repeatedly directing thedischarge of such medium from the centralexhaust portion again to thetwo lateral admission portions of the Yanes, and means for heating suchdischarge prior to its several admissions to the Yanes, substantially asdescribed.

6. In a compound turbine, the combination of a rotor, an annular seriesof rotor ranes provided with two lateral ad mission portions and acommon central exhaust portion, series of admission ports and exhaustports extending, respectively, along said admission and exhaust portionsof the valles, means for supplying an actuating medium to the initialports of such admission series. and means for conducting the dischargefrom the exhaust portions ot the vanes to the next succeeding ports ofsaid admission series, substantially as described.

7. In a compound turbine, the combination of a stator, a rotor supportedin said stator to provide a suitable clearance space between said parts,packing members carried by said stator and extending across the endsofsaid clearance` space, and packings carried by said members in engagement with said rotor at a distance from said clearance space,substantially as described.

S. In a compound turbine, the combination of a stator, a rotor supportedin said stator to provide a suitable clearance space between said parts,packing members carried by said stator, and extending past saidclearance space and along a portion of said rotor at a distance from thelatter, and packing means carried by said members in engagement withsaid stator for providing between said rotor and members inclosedchambers in communication with said clearance space, substantially asdescribed.

In 'testimony whereof I atix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' RICHARD H. GOLDSBOROUGH.

Witnesses G. AYRns, II. A, ROBINETTE.

